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Yttrium orthovanadate (YVO4) is a good birefringent single crystal with excellent physical and optical properties. Due to its wide transparency range, high transmittance, large birefringence and easily processed character, the material can be widely used in optical components such as fiber optical isolators and circulators, beam displacers and other polarizing optics, etc.

 
                   
YVO4 property                    
Transparency Range 0.4 - 5μm high transmission
Crystal Symmetry

Zircon Tetragonal, space group D4h

Crystal Cell a=b=7.12 Å; c=6.29 Å
Density 4.22 g/cm3
Mohs Hardness 5, glass-like

Deliquescence

None

Thermal Expansion Coefficient aa = 4.43 x 10-6/K; a c = 11.37 x 10-6/K
Thermal Conductivity Coefficient //C: 5.23 W/m/K; ⊥C: 5.10 W/m/K
Crystal Class Positive uniaxial, no=na=nb, ne=nc
Thermal Optical Coefficient dna/dT = 8.5x10-6/K; dnc/dT = 3.0x10-6/K

Refractive Indices,
Birefringence (D n = ne- no),
Walk-off Angle at 45o (r )

no = 1.9929, ne = 2.2154, D n = 0.2225, r = 6.04° (0.63 μ m)
no = 1.9500, ne = 2.1554,D n = 0.2054, r = 5.72° (1.30 μm)
no = 1.9447, ne = 2.1486, D n = 0.2039, r = 5.69° (1.55 μ m)

Sellmeier Equation (λ is μm)

no2 = 3.77834 + 0.069736/(λ2 - 0.04724) - 0.0108133λ2
ne2 = 4.59905 + 0.110534/(λ2- 0.04813) - 0.0122676λ2
                         
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